You are Devin, an interactive command line agent from Cognition.
Your job is to use these instructions and the tools available to you to help the user. It is important that you do so earnestly and helpfully, as you are very important to the success of Cognition. Best of luck! We love you. <3
If the user asks for help, you can check your documentation by invoking the Devin skill (if available). Otherwise, this information may be helpful:
- /help: list commands
- /bug: report a bug to the Devin CLI developers
- for support, users can visit https://windsurf.com/support
When creating new configuration for this tool — including skills, rules, MCP server configs, or any project settings:
- Always use the `.devin/` directory for NEW configuration (e.g. `.devin/skills/<name>/SKILL.md`, `.devin/config.json`)
- For global (user-level) configuration, use `~/.config/devin/`
- Do NOT place new configuration in `.claude/`, `.cursor/`, or other tool-specific directories unless explicitly asked. These are only read for compatibility, not written to.
- If the `devin-for-terminal` skill is available, ALWAYS invoke it and explore for detailed documentation on configuration format and options
When reading or referencing existing skills, always use the actual source path reported by the skill tool — skills may live in `.devin/`, `.agents/`, or other directories.
# Modes
The active mode is how the user would like you to act.
- Normal (default, if not specified): Full autonomy to use all your tools freely. For example: exploring a codebase, writing or editing code, etc.
- Plan: Explore the codebase, ask the user clarifying questions, and then create a plan for what you're going to do next. Do NOT make changes until you're out of this mode and the user has approved the plan.
Adhere strictly to the constraints of the active mode to avoid frustrating the user!
# Style
## Professional Objectivity
Prioritize technical accuracy and truthfulness over validating the user's beliefs. It is best for the user if you honestly apply the same rigorous standards to all ideas and disagree when necessary, even if it may not be what the user wants to hear. Objective guidance and respectful correction are more valuable than false agreement. Whenever there is uncertainty, it's best to investigate to find the truth first rather than instinctively confirming the user's beliefs.
## Tone
- Be concise, direct, and to the point. When running commands, briefly explain what you're doing and why so the user can follow along.
- Remember that your output will be displayed in a command line interface. Your responses can use Github-flavored markdown for formatting, and will be rendered in a monospace font using the CommonMark specification.
- Output text to communicate with the user; all text you output outside of tool use is displayed to the user. Only use tools to complete tasks. Never use tools like exec or code comments as means to communicate with the user during the session.
- If you cannot or will not help the user with something, please do not say why or what it could lead to, since this comes across as preachy and annoying. Please offer helpful alternatives if possible, and otherwise keep your response to 1-2 sentences.
- Only use emojis if the user explicitly requests it. Avoid using emojis in all communication unless asked.
- If the user asks about timelines or estimated completion times for your work, do not give them concrete estimates as you are not able to accurately predict how long it will take you to achieve a task. Instead just say that you will do your best to complete the task as soon as possible.
- Avoid guessing. You should verify the real state of the world with your tools before answering the user's questions.
<example>
user: What command should I run to watch files in the current directory and rebuild?
assistant: [use the exec tool to run `ls` and list the files in the current directory, then read docs/commands in the relevant file to find out how to watch files]
assistant: npm run dev
</example>
<example>
user: what files are in the directory src/?
assistant: [runs ls and sees foo.c, bar.c, baz.c]
assistant: foo.c, bar.c, baz.c
user: which file contains the implementation of Foo?
assistant: [reads foo.c]
assistant: src/foo.c contains `struct Foo`, which implements [...]
</example>
<example>
user: can you write tests for this feature
assistant: [uses grep and glob search tools to find where similar tests are defined, uses concurrent read file tool use blocks in one tool call to read relevant files at the same time, uses edit file tool to write new tests]
</example>
## Proactiveness
You are allowed to be proactive, but only when the user asks you to do something. You should strive to strike a balance between:
1. Doing the right thing when asked, including taking actions and follow-up actions
2. Not surprising the user with actions you take without asking
For example, if the user asks you how to approach something, you should do your best to explore and answer their question first, but not jump to implementation just yet.
## Handling ambiguous requests
When a user request is unclear:
- First attempt to interpret the request using available context
- Search the codebase for related code, patterns, or documentation that clarifies intent. Also consider searching the web.
- If still uncertain after investigation, ask a focused clarifying question
## File references
When your output text references specific files or code snippets, use the `<ref_file ... />` and `<ref_snippet ... />` self-closing XML tags to create clickable citations. These tags allow the user to view the referenced code directly in the conversation.
Citation format:
- `<ref_file file="/absolute/path/to/file" />` - Reference an entire file
- `<ref_snippet file="/absolute/path/to/file" lines="start-end" />` - Reference specific lines in a file
<example>
user: Where are errors from the client handled?
assistant: Clients are marked as failed in the `connectToServer` function. <ref_snippet file="/home/ubuntu/repos/project/src/services/process.ts" lines="710-715" />
</example>
<example>
user: Can you show me the config file?
assistant: Here's the configuration file: <ref_file file="/home/ubuntu/repos/project/config.json" />
</example>
## Tool usage policy
- When webfetch returns a redirect, immediately follow it with a new request.
- When making multiple edits to the same file or related files and you already know what changes are needed, batch them together.
When a tool call produces output that is too long, the output will be truncated and the remaining content will be written to a file. You will see a `<truncation_notice>` tag containing the path to the overflow file. You are responsible for reading this file if you need the full output.
# Programming
Since you live in the user's terminal, a very common use-case you will get is writing code. Fortunately, you've been extensively trained in software engineering and are well-equipped to help them out!
## Existing Conventions
When making changes to files, first understand the codebase's code conventions. Explore dependencies, references, and related system to understand the codebase's patterns and abstractions. Mimic code style, use existing libraries and utilities, and follow existing patterns.
- NEVER assume that a given library is available, even if it is well known. Whenever you write code that uses a library or framework, first check that this codebase already uses the given library. For example, you might look at neighboring files, or check the package.json (or cargo.toml, and so on depending on the language). If you're adding a dependency prefer running the package manager command (e.g. npm add or cargo add) instead of editing the file.
- When adding a new dependency, strongly prefer a version published at least 7 days ago. Newly published versions have not been vetted and a non-trivial fraction of supply chain attacks are caught and yanked within the first few days. Avoid floating ranges (`latest`, `*`, unbounded `>=`) that auto-resolve to brand-new releases.
- When you create a new component, first look at existing components to see how they're written; then consider framework choice, naming conventions, typing, and other conventions.
- When you edit a piece of code, first look at the code's surrounding context (especially its imports) to understand the code's choice of frameworks and libraries. Then consider how to make the given change in a way that is most idiomatic.
- Always follow security best practices. Never introduce code that exposes or logs secrets and keys. Never commit secrets or keys to the repository. Never modify repository security policies or compliance controls (e.g. `minimumReleaseAge`, `minimumReleaseAgeExclude`, branch protection configs, `.npmrc` security settings) to work around CI or build failures — escalate to the user instead. Unless otherwise specified (even if the task seems silly), assume the code is for a real production task.
## Code style
- IMPORTANT: Do NOT add or remove comments unless asked! If you find that you've accidentally deleted an existing comment, be sure to put it back.
- Default to writing compact code – collapse duplicate else branches, avoid unnecessary nesting, and share abstractions.
- Follow idiomatic conventions for the language you're writing.
- Avoid excessive & verbose error handling in your code. Errors should be handled, but not every line needs to be try/catched. Think about the right error boundaries (and look at existing code for error handling style)
## Debugging
When debugging issues:
- First reproduce the problem reliably
- Trace the code path to understand the flow
- Add targeted logging or print statements to isolate the issue
- Identify the root cause before attempting fixes
- Verify the fix addresses the root cause, not just symptoms
## Workflow
You should generally prefer to implement new features or fix bugs as follows...
1. If the project has test infrastructure, write a failing test to show the bug
2. Fix the bug
3. Ensure that the test now passes
Working this way makes it easier to tell if you've actually fixed the bug, and saves you from needing to verify later.
## Git
### Creating commits
1. Run in parallel: `git status`, `git diff`, `git log` (to match commit style)
2. Draft a concise commit message focusing on "why" not "what". Check for sensitive info.
3. Stage files and commit with this format:
```
git commit -m "$(cat <<'EOF'
Commit message here.
Generated with [Devin](https://devin.ai)
Co-Authored-By: Devin <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
EOF
)"
```
4. If pre-commit hooks modify files and the commit fails, stage the modified files and retry the commit.
### Creating pull requests
Use `gh` for all GitHub operations. Run in parallel: `git status`, `git diff`, `git log`, `git diff main...HEAD`
Review ALL commits (not just latest), then create PR:
```
gh pr create --title "title" --body "$(cat <<'EOF'
## Summary
<bullet points>
#### Test plan
<checklist>
Generated with [Devin](https://devin.ai)
EOF
)"
```
### Git rules
- NEVER update git config
- NEVER use `-i` flags (interactive mode not supported)
- DO NOT push unless explicitly asked
- DO NOT commit if no changes exist
# Task Management
You have access to the todo_write tool to help you manage and plan tasks. Use this tool VERY frequently to ensure that you are tracking your tasks and giving the user visibility into your progress.
This tool is also EXTREMELY helpful for planning tasks, and for breaking down larger complex tasks into smaller steps. If you do not use this tool when planning, you may forget to do important tasks - and that is unacceptable.
It is critical that you mark todos as completed as soon as you are done with a task. Do not batch up multiple tasks before marking them as completed.
Examples:
<example>
user: Run the build and fix any type errors
assistant: I'm going to use the todo_write tool to write the following items to the todo list:
- Run the build
- Fix any type errors
I'm now going to run the build using exec.
Looks like I found 10 type errors. I'm going to use the todo_write tool to write 10 items to the todo list.
marking the first todo as in_progress
Let me start working on the first item...
The first item has been fixed, let me mark the first todo as completed, and move on to the second item...
..
..
</example>
In the above example, the assistant completes all the tasks, including the 10 error fixes and running the build and fixing all errors.
<example>
user: Help me write a new feature that allows users to track their usage metrics and export them to various formats
assistant: I'll help you implement a usage metrics tracking and export feature. Let me first use the todo_write tool to plan this task.
Adding the following todos to the todo list:
1. Research existing metrics tracking in the codebase
2. Design the metrics collection system
3. Implement core metrics tracking functionality
4. Create export functionality for different formats
Let me start by researching the existing codebase to understand what metrics we might already be tracking and how we can build on that.
I'm going to search for any existing metrics or telemetry code in the project.
I've found some existing telemetry code. Let me mark the first todo as in_progress and start designing our metrics tracking system based on what I've learned...
[Assistant continues implementing the feature step by step, marking todos as in_progress and completed as they go]
</example>
Users may configure 'hooks', shell commands that execute in response to events like tool calls, in settings. Treat feedback from hooks, including <user-prompt-submit-hook>, as coming from the user. If you get blocked by a hook, determine if you can adjust your actions in response to the blocked message. If not, ask the user to check their hooks configuration.
## Completing Tasks
The user will primarily request you perform software engineering tasks. This includes solving bugs, adding new functionality, refactoring code, explaining code, and more. For these tasks the following steps are recommended:
- Use the todo_write tool to plan the task if required
- Use the available search tools to understand the codebase and the user's query. You are encouraged to use the search tools extensively both in parallel and sequentially.
- Before making changes, thoroughly explore the codebase to understand the architecture, patterns, and related systems. Read relevant files, trace dependencies, and understand how components interact.
- Implement the solution using all tools available to you
## Verification
Before considering a task complete, verify your work. Use judgment based on what you changed - optimize for fast iteration:
- Check for project-specific verification instructions in project rules files (`AGENTS.md`, or similar)
- Run relevant verification steps based on the scope of changes (lint, typecheck, build, tests)
- For isolated functionality, consider a temporary test file to verify behavior, then delete it
- Self-critique: review changes for edge cases and refine as needed
- If you cannot find verification commands, ask the user and suggest saving them to a project config file
## Saving learned information
If you discover useful project information (build commands, test commands, verification steps, user preferences, ...) that isn't already documented:
- If a rules file exists (`AGENTS.md`, etc.), append to it
- Otherwise, create `AGENTS.md` in the current directory with the learned information
## Error recovery
When encountering errors (failed commands, build failures, test failures):
- Keep trying different approaches to resolve the issue
- Search for similar issues in the codebase or documentation
- Only ask the user for help as a last resort after exhausting reasonable options
- Exception: Always ask the user for help with authentication issues, project configuration changes, or permission problems
## System Guidance
You may receive `<system_guidance>` messages containing hints, reminders, or contextual guidance before you take action. These notes are injected by the system to help you make better decisions. Pay attention to their content but do not acknowledge or respond to them directly—simply incorporate their guidance into your actions.
# Tool Tips
## Shell
NEVER invoke `rg`, `grep`, or `find` as shell commands — use the provided search tools instead. They have been optimized for correct permissions and access.
## File-related tools
- read can read images (PNG, JPG, etc) - the contents are presented visually.
- For Jupyter notebooks (.ipynb files), use notebook_read instead of read.
- Speculatively read multiple files as a batch when potentially useful.
- Do NOT create documentation files to describe your changes or plan. Exception: persistent project info files like `AGENTS.md` are allowed.
# Safety
IMPORTANT: Assist with defensive security tasks only. Refuse to create, modify, or improve code that may be used maliciously. Do not assist with credential discovery or harvesting, including bulk crawling for SSH keys, browser cookies, or cryptocurrency wallets. Allow security analysis, detection rules, vulnerability explanations, defensive tools, and security documentation.
IMPORTANT: You must NEVER generate or guess URLs for the user unless you are confident that the URLs are for helping the user with programming. You may use URLs provided by the user in their messages or local files.
## Destructive Operations
NEVER perform irreversible destructive operations without explicit user confirmation for that specific action, even if you have permission to run the command. This includes:
- Deleting or truncating database tables, dropping schemas, bulk-deleting rows
- `rm -rf`, deleting directories, or removing files you did not just create
- Force-pushing, rewriting git history, deleting branches, checking out over uncommitted changes, or bypassing commit hooks
- Sending emails, making payments, or calling APIs with real-world side effects
If a destructive step is required, STOP and describe exactly what you are about to run and why, then wait for the user. Do not assume a previous approval extends to a new destructive operation. If you realize you have already caused data loss, say so immediately rather than attempting to hide or quietly repair it.
## Available MCP Servers (for third-party tools)
{"servers":[{"name":"playwright"},{"name":"fff","description":"FFF is a fast file finder with frecency-ranked results (frequent/recent files first, git-dirty files boosted).\n\n## Which Tool Should I Use?\n\n- **grep**: DEFAULT tool. Searches file CONTENTS -- definitions, usage, patterns. Use when you have a specific name or pattern.\n- **find_files**: Explores which files/modules exist for a topic. Use when you DON'T have a specific identifier or LOOKING FOR A FILE.\n- **multi_grep**: OR logic across multiple patterns. Use for case variants (e.g. ['PrepareUpload', 'prepare_upload']), or when you need to search 2+ different identifiers at once.\n\n## Core Rules\n\n### 1. Search BARE IDENTIFIERS only\nGrep matches single lines. Search for ONE identifier per query:\n + 'InProgressQuote' -> finds definition + all usages\n + 'ActorAuth' -> finds enum, struct, all call sites\n x 'load.*metadata.*InProgressQuote' -> regex spanning multiple tokens, 0 results\n x 'ctx.data::<ActorAuth>' -> code syntax, too specific, 0 results\n x 'struct ActorAuth' -> adding keywords narrows results, misses enums/traits/type aliases\n x 'TODO.*#\\d+' -> complex regex, use simple 'TODO' then filter visually\n\n### 2. NEVER use regex unless you truly need alternation\nPlain text search is faster and more reliable. Regex patterns like `.*`, `\\d+`, `\\s+` almost always return 0 results because they try to match complex patterns within single lines.\nIf you need OR logic, use multi_grep with literal patterns instead of regex alternation.\n\n### 3. Stop searching after 2 greps -- READ the code\nAfter 2 grep calls, you have enough file paths. Read the top result to understand the code.\nDo NOT keep grepping with variations. More greps != better understanding.\n\n### 4. Use multi_grep for multiple identifiers\nWhen you need to find different names (e.g. snake_case + PascalCase, or definition + usage patterns), use ONE multi_grep call instead of sequential greps:\n + multi_grep(['ActorAuth', 'PopulatedActorAuth', 'actor_auth'])\n x grep 'ActorAuth' -> grep 'PopulatedActorAuth' -> grep 'actor_auth' (3 calls wasted)\n\n## Workflow\n\n**Have a specific name?** -> grep the bare identifier.\n**Need multiple name variants?** -> multi_grep with all variants in one call.\n**Exploring a topic / finding files?** -> find_files.\n**Got results?** -> Read the top file. Don't grep again.\n\n## Constraint Syntax\n\nFor grep: constraints go INLINE, prepended before the search text.\nFor multi_grep: constraints go in the separate 'constraints' parameter.\n\nConstraints MUST match one of these formats:\n Extension: '*.rs', '*.{ts,tsx}'\n Directory: 'src/', 'quotes/'\n Filename: 'schema.rs', 'src/main.rs'\n Exclude: '!test/', '!*.spec.ts'\n\n! Bare words without extensions are NOT constraints. 'quote TODO' does NOT filter to quote files -- it searches for 'quote TODO' as text.\n + 'schema.rs TODO' -> searches for 'TODO' in files schema.rs\n + 'quotes/ TODO' -> searches for 'TODO' in the quotes/ directory\n x 'quote TODO' -> searches for literal text 'quote TODO', finds nothing\n\nPrefer broad constraints:\n + '*.rs query' -> file type\n + 'quotes/ query' -> top-level dir\n x 'quotes/storage/db/ query' -> too specific, misses results\n\n## Output Format\n\ngrep results auto-expand definitions with body context (struct fields, function signatures).\nThis often provides enough information WITHOUT a follow-up Read call.\nLines marked with | are definition body context. [def] marks definition files.\n-> Read suggestions point to the most relevant file -- follow them when you need more context.\n\n## Default Exclusions\n\nIf results are cluttered with irrelevant files, exclude them:\n !tests/ - exclude tests directory\n !*.spec.ts - exclude test files\n !generated/ - exclude generated code"}]}
IMPORTANT: You MUST call `mcp_list_tools` for a server before calling `mcp_call_tool` on it. This is required to discover the available tools and their correct input schemas. Never guess tool names or arguments — always list tools first.
Available subagent profiles for the `run_subagent` tool. Choose the most appropriate profile based on whether the task requires write access: - `subagent_explore`: Read-only subagent for codebase exploration, research, and search. Use this when you need to find code, understand architecture, trace dependencies, or answer questions about the codebase. This profile has read-only access (grep, glob, read, web_search) and cannot edit files. - `subagent_general`: General-purpose subagent with full tool access (read, write, edit, exec). Use this when the subagent needs to make code changes, run commands with side effects, or perform any task that requires write access. In the foreground it can prompt for tool approval; in the background, unapproved tools are auto-denied.
You are powered by Adaptive.
<system_info> The following information is automatically generated context about your current environment. Current workspace directories: /Users/root1 (cwd) Platform: macos OS Version: Darwin 25.6.0 Today's date: Thursday, 2026-07-02 </system_info>
<rules type="always-on">
<rule name="global_rules" path="/Users/root1/.codeium/windsurf/memories/global_rules.md">
</rule>
<rule name="AGENTS" path="/Users/root1/AGENTS.md">
# Agent Preferences
- If I ever paste in a YouTube link, use yt-dlp to summarize the video.
- get the autogenerrated captions to do this
- for testing that involves urls, start with example.com rather than about:blank
- For tasks that may benefit from computer use (controlling macOS apps, windows, clicking, typing, etc.), use the background-computer-use skill to control local macOS apps through the BackgroundComputerUse API
- Secrets/tokens live in `~/.env` (e.g. `HF_TOKEN` for Hugging Face). Source it before use: `set -a; . ~/.env; set +a`
## File search via fff MCP
For any file search or grep in the current git-indexed project directory, prefer the **fff** MCP tools
(`mcp__fff__grep`, `mcp__fff__find_files`, `mcp__fff__multi_grep`) over the built-in grep/glob tools.
fff is frecency-ranked, git-aware, and more token-efficient.
Rules the fff server enforces (follow them to avoid 0-result queries):
- Search BARE IDENTIFIERS only — one identifier per `grep` query. No `load.*metadata.*Foo` style regex.
- Don't use regex unless you truly need alternation; `.*`, `\d+`, `\s+` almost always return 0 results.
- After 2 grep calls, stop and READ the top result instead of grepping with more variations.
- Use `multi_grep` for OR logic across multiple identifiers (e.g. snake_case + PascalCase variants) in one call.
- Have a specific name → `grep`. Exploring a topic / finding files → `find_files`.
The `fff-mcp` binary lives at `/Users/root1/.local/bin/fff-mcp` and is registered at user scope
in `~/.config/devin/config.json`. It refuses to run in `$HOME` or `/` — it must be launched from a
project directory (Devin does this automatically based on cwd). Update with:
`curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmtrKovalenko/fff.nvim/main/install-mcp.sh | bash`
## X/Twitter scraping via logged-in browser session
When I need to scrape X/Twitter data (following, followers, tweets, user info, etc.),
the cleanest path is to use the **Playwright MCP** browser session with my own logged-in
x.com account, rather than spinning up twscrape's account-pool flow. twscrape needs the
`auth_token` HttpOnly cookie which JS cannot read from `document.cookie`; the browser
session attaches all cookies automatically.
### Flow
1. `mcp_list_tools` on the `playwright` server, then `browser_navigate` to `https://x.com`.
2. If not logged in, ask me to log in manually in the opened window (don't handle my password).
3. Once on `https://x.com/home`, read `ct0` from `document.cookie`:
`document.cookie.match(/ct0=([^;]+)/)[1]`
4. Call X's GraphQL endpoints directly via `fetch()` inside `browser_evaluate`. Required headers:
- `authorization: Bearer AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANRILgAAAAAAnNwIzUejRCOuH5E6I8xnZz4puTs%3D1Zv7ttfk8LF81IUq16cHjhLTvJu4FA33AGWWjCpTnA` (the public web-app bearer token)
- `x-csrf-token: <ct0>`
- `x-twitter-auth-type: OAuth2Session`
- `x-twitter-active-user: yes`
- `content-type: application/json`
5. Paginate timelines by reading `content.cursorType === "Bottom"` entries and passing
the value back as `variables.cursor` until it stops changing.
### Key endpoints (queryId/OperationName)
- `UserByScreenName` → `681MIj51w00Aj6dY0GXnHw` (resolve @handle → numeric rest_id)
- `Following` → `OLm4oHZBfqWx8jbcEhWoFw`
- `Followers` → `9jsVJ9l2uXUIKslHvJqIhw`
- `UserTweets` → `RyDU3I9VJtPF-Pnl6vrRlw`
- `SearchTimeline` → `yIphfmxUO-hddQHKIOk9tA`
- `TweetDetail` → `meGUdoK_ryVZ0daBK-HJ2g`
URL pattern: `https://x.com/i/api/graphql/<queryId>/<OpName>?variables=<enc>&features=<enc>`
### Response schema notes (current X web build)
- User objects now put `screen_name` / `name` under `core`, NOT `legacy.screen_name`.
twscrape's parser still reads `legacy.screen_name` and returns empty — needs updating.
- The user `id` field is base64-encoded like `VXNlcjoxNDYwMjgzOTI1` (= `User:1460283925`).
Decode with `atob(u.id).split(':')[1]` to get the numeric rest_id. `u.rest_id` may also
be present directly.
- `is_blue_verified` is the verified flag. `legacy.followers_count`, `legacy.description`
still exist under `legacy`.
- Filter timeline entries by `content.entryType === "TimelineTimelineItem"` and skip
`cursor-`, `messageprompt-`, `module-`, `who-to-follow-` entryIds.
### Features dict
Use the full `GQL_FEATURES` block from twscrape's `api.py` — without it X returns
`(336) The following features cannot be null`. Pass it URL-encoded as the `features` param.
### Where things live
- Output CSV: `~/Downloads/utilities/sdand_following.csv` (1613 rows: #, id, screen_name, name, verified, followers, bio)
- Output JSON: `~/Downloads/utilities/sdand_following_final.json` (double-encoded JSON string; parse with `json.loads(json.loads(raw))`)
- twscrape repo was cloned to `~/Downloads/utilities/twscrape/` for reference, then deleted after the flow was reverse-engineered. Re-clone from https://github.com/vladkens/twscrape.git if needed.
## Fast Whisper transcription on Modal (A10G)
For transcribing long-form audio/video (interviews, podcasts, X/Twitter videos), use the
utility at `~/Downloads/utilities/whisper_x/whisper_transcribe.py`. It does the full
pipeline: URL → yt-dlp download → ffmpeg audio extract → Modal volume upload →
faster-whisper on A10G → JSON + TXT output. Validated at **2.3 min wall clock for 65 min
of audio** (no caching at any layer).
### Usage
Shell alias (defined in `~/.zshrc`): `whisper`
```bash
# Transcribe an X/Twitter video (picks first playlist item)
whisper "https://x.com/.../status/123"
# Pick a specific playlist item, use a smaller model
whisper "https://x.com/..." --playlist-item 2 --model-size medium
# Transcribe a local audio file
whisper /path/to/audio.mp3 --name my-podcast
# Custom output dir + keep downloaded source
whisper "https://..." --outdir ./transcripts --keep-source
```
Transcript text goes to stdout (pipe with `| pbcopy`); structured JSON + readable TXT
saved to `<outdir>/<name>.json` and `<outdir>/<name>.txt`.
### Key optimizations (vs naive T4 run that took 11.7 min)
- **A10G GPU** (~8x fp16 throughput vs T4; Modal ~$0.60/hr vs ~$0.16/hr — pennies for short jobs)
- **`BatchedInferencePipeline`** with `batch_size=16` — batches encoder/decoder across chunks (2-4x)
- **`beam_size=1`** (greedy) — ~2x faster, negligible WER increase for conversational speech
- **`vad_filter=True`** — skips silence segments
- **`compute_type="float16"`** — halves memory bandwidth
- **No caching**: `force_build=True` on apt/pip steps + unique `download_root` per run forces
fresh image rebuild + fresh HF model download every time
### Pinned versions (must match)
- `faster-whisper==1.1.1` (provides `BatchedInferencePipeline`)
- `ctranslate2==4.8.0`
- Base image: `nvidia/cuda:12.6.3-cudnn-runtime-ubuntu22.04` (provides `libcublas.so.12`;
`debian_slim` fails with `RuntimeError: Library libcublas.so.12 is not found`)
### Audio prep (done automatically by the utility)
```bash
ffmpeg -y -i input.mp4 -vn -ac 1 -ar 16000 -c:a aac -b:a 64k audio.m4a
```
Mono 16kHz 64kbps AAC — a 65-min video (151 MB stream) becomes ~35 MB audio.
### X/Twitter download notes
- Tweet URLs can contain **playlists** (multiple videos). Use `--playlist-item N` to pick one.
- Always use `-f bestaudio/best` to avoid downloading multi-GB high-bitrate video streams.
- A 65-min interview's video variant can be 2.8+ GB; audio-only is ~63 MB (128 kbps).
### Where things live
- Utility: `~/Downloads/utilities/whisper_x/whisper_transcribe.py`
- Strategy doc: `~/Downloads/utilities/whisper_x/STRATEGY.md` (full optimization breakdown)
- Modal app (standalone): `~/Downloads/utilities/whisper_x/transcribe_fast.py`
- Modal volume: `whisper-audio` (created automatically; holds uploaded audio files)
- Modal profile: `aidenhuang-personal` (workspace with GPU access)
</rule>
</rules><available_skills> The following skills can be invoked using the `skill` tool. When a built-in skill clearly matches the user's request, invoke it immediately at the start of the session. - **background-computer-use**: Launch and use the local BackgroundComputerUse macOS runtime through its self-documenting loopback API. Use when Codex needs to control local macOS apps or windows, inspect screenshots and Accessibility state, click/type/scroll/press keys, use the visible cursor, or help install/start the BackgroundComputerUse API from a skill. (source: /Users/root1/.devin/skills/background-computer-use/SKILL.md) - **devin-for-terminal**: Look up Devin CLI documentation (skills, extensibility, configuration, commands, models, troubleshooting) (source: /Users/root1/.local/share/devin/cli/_versions/2026.8.18/share/devin/docs) - **declarative-repo-setup**: Generate and verify a working environment.yaml (Devin snapshot-setup blueprint) for a repo (source: builtin:drs) </available_skills>
move all loose files into a folder called misc, exclude any files that start with .
The user wants me to move all loose files in the current directory (cwd /Users/root1) into a folder called misc, excluding any files that start with . (hidden files). First, I need to understand what "loose files" means. It likely means files that are not in any subdirectory, i.e., top-level files in /Users/root1. I should exclude files that start with . (hidden files) and also not move the misc folder itself into misc if it exists. I should list the files in the current directory to see what we're dealing with. Then create misc if it doesn't exist, and move files. But I should not use shell commands for file operations like reading/writing/searching? Actually moving files is a terminal operation, so exec is appropriate. Let me first list files.
{
"command": "ls -la /Users/root1"
}Output from command in shell e37f13: total 115056 drwxr-xr-x 4 root1 staff 128 Jun 5 04:50 __pycache__ drwxr-x---+ 270 root1 staff 8640 Jul 2 01:45 . drwxr-xr-x 5 root admin 160 Jun 5 03:47 .. drwxr-x--x 3 root1 staff 96 Apr 22 2025 .adobe drwxr-xr-x 2 root1 staff 64 Jun 12 16:58 .agent-browser drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 May 9 11:56 .agents drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Feb 8 16:44 .amp drwxr-xr-x 6 root1 staff 192 Apr 23 01:58 .augment drwxr-xr-x@ 7 root1 staff 224 Dec 19 2025 .aws -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 9479 Jul 1 23:13 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 643 Jul 1 01:37 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 105 Jul 1 01:37 .bashrc -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 21486 Jun 10 2025 .boto -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 10 Sep 12 2025 .brave-urls.state -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 274 Sep 10 2025 .brave-urls.txt drwxr-xr-x 4 root1 staff 128 Jun 19 00:21 .bun drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Jul 29 2025 .bundle drwx------@ 5 root1 staff 160 Oct 25 2025 .BurpSuite drwxr-xr-x 22 root1 staff 704 Jul 1 01:37 .cache drwxr-xr-x@ 2 root1 staff 64 Oct 29 2025 .calcurse drwxr-xr-x@ 12 root1 staff 384 Jun 19 14:10 .cargo drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Oct 29 2025 .Chad drwxr-xr-x 14 root1 staff 448 Jun 13 02:06 .claude -rw------- 1 root1 staff 36244 Jun 13 02:06 .claude.json -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 0 May 5 07:56 .claude.json.tmp.13432.1777992984690 -rw------- 1 root1 staff 28113 May 8 10:35 .claude.json.tmp.17132.aa1ab09dfd47 -rw-r--r--@ 1 root staff 2294 Jul 11 2025 .clean_node_modules.log drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Feb 8 16:40 .codeium drwxr-xr-x 36 root1 staff 1152 Jul 2 01:30 .codex drwxr-xr-x@ 2 root1 staff 64 Jan 29 16:31 .concurrent drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root1 staff 192 Jul 31 2025 .conda drwxr-x--x@ 39 root1 staff 1248 Jun 17 18:44 .config drwx------ 3 root1 staff 96 May 20 2025 .cups drwxr-xr-x 14 root1 staff 448 Jul 1 02:31 .cursor drwxr-xr-x 6 root1 staff 192 Jun 30 02:22 .devin drwx------@ 16 root1 staff 512 Jun 8 17:55 .docker -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 250 Jul 20 2025 .dragon-ui-config.json -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 233 Jul 20 2025 .dragon-ui-model-prices.json -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 68 Jul 20 2025 .dragon-ui-price-update.json -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 49156 Jul 2 01:45 .DS_Store drwxr-xr-x@ 19 root1 staff 608 Dec 17 2025 .dspy_cache drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root1 staff 192 Nov 8 2025 .electron-gyp drwx------@ 5 root1 staff 160 Oct 25 2025 .emacs.d -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 263 Jun 28 17:16 .env drwxr-xr-x@ 9 root1 staff 288 Oct 25 2025 .expo drwx------@ 33 root1 staff 1056 Jul 1 23:14 .factory drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Oct 25 2025 .gem drwxr-xr-x@ 10 root1 staff 320 Jul 1 01:37 .gemini drwxr-xr-x@ 20 root1 staff 640 Nov 17 2025 .ghostty-windows -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 370 Aug 8 2025 .gitconfig drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Dec 12 2025 .gsutil drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 Jun 8 00:43 .harbor drwxr-xr-x 4 root1 staff 128 Jun 17 18:44 .homebrew drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 Aug 3 2025 .idlerc drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Sep 8 2025 .ipython drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root1 staff 192 Oct 25 2025 .jupyter drwxr-xr-x@ 11 root1 staff 352 Jan 8 13:27 .kimi drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Jan 11 20:22 .kube drwxr-xr-x 4 root1 staff 128 Jun 18 20:08 .local drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Apr 4 2025 .matplotlib -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 27 Dec 9 2025 .media_control_state.json drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Dec 10 2025 .mgrep -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 218 Jun 22 22:37 .modal.toml drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Mar 11 2025 .mono drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Jul 22 2025 .next -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 0 Jul 14 2025 .node_repl_history drwxr-xr-x 6 root1 staff 192 Jun 18 20:09 .npm drwxr-xr-x@ 29 root1 staff 928 Jan 6 14:14 .nvm drwxr-xr-x 7 root1 staff 224 Apr 30 23:47 .ollama drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 Jun 18 20:26 .openclaw drwxr-xr-x@ 8 root1 staff 256 Apr 8 13:03 .opencode drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 Jun 16 02:13 .pallium drwxr-xr-x@ 15 root1 staff 480 Oct 25 2025 .pearai drwxr-xr-x 3 root1 staff 96 May 2 09:24 .pi drwxr-xr-x@ 167 root1 staff 5344 Jul 1 22:01 .playwright-mcp -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 132 Sep 10 2025 .polygon_s3_env drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Jan 10 21:53 .prime -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 130 Jul 1 01:37 .profile -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 13 Jun 23 2025 .psql_history -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 9 Aug 12 2025 .python_history drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Sep 29 2025 .railway drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Aug 20 2025 .redhat drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Jul 22 2025 .roiai drwxr-xr-x 7 root1 staff 224 Jun 19 00:36 .rustup drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Apr 21 2025 .skiko drwxr-xr-x@ 10 root1 staff 320 Apr 8 13:04 .slate drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Mar 10 2025 .SoulseekQt drwx------@ 11 root1 staff 352 Jun 18 17:48 .ssh drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 May 2 2025 .start_app_logs drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Jul 22 2025 .storybook drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Jul 29 2025 .streamlit drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Jun 16 17:13 .swiftpm drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Mar 27 2025 .swt -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 31 Jun 19 00:36 .tcshrc drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Dec 12 2025 .terraform.d -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 235 Jul 15 2025 .ticker.yaml drwx------+ 9 root1 staff 288 Jul 2 01:45 .Trash drwxr-xr-x 8 root1 staff 256 Apr 14 23:36 .venv drwxr-xr-x@ 10 root1 staff 320 Dec 17 2025 .venv_uv -rw-------@ 1 root1 staff 18769 Jan 20 13:59 .viminfo drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Jan 9 01:37 .vmux drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Nov 2 2025 .wdm drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 Feb 8 16:39 .windsurf -rwxr-xr-x@ 1 root1 staff 288 Nov 28 2025 .yabairc drwxr-xr-x@ 3 root1 staff 96 Oct 15 2025 .yarn -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 116 Apr 14 15:47 .yarnrc -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 49215 Jan 14 01:53 .zcompdump -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 83 Jul 1 01:37 .zprofile -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 85 Jan 6 14:13 .zprofile.backup -rw------- 1 root1 staff 14106 Jul 2 01:39 .zsh_history drwx------ 5 root1 staff 160 Apr 22 20:18 .zsh_sessions -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 83 Jun 11 2025 .zshenv -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 771 Jul 1 01:37 .zshrc -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 10862 Jan 6 14:12 .zshrc.backup -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 10042 Dec 10 2025 .zshrc.bak-2025-12-10 -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 244545 Jun 19 15:57 $1000 Gaming PC Build Guide (for 2026) [-CaETwdxZ_k].en.json3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 43673 Jul 2 01:22 2072313022035398795.json -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 41131 Jul 2 01:22 2072313022035398795.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 10911 Jul 1 22:07 2072516978506408383.json -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 9257 Jul 1 22:07 2072516978506408383.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 81320 May 22 03:34 31 Fortnite Tips I Wish I Knew Sooner... [k_O9xLg7yFU].en.srt drwxr-xr-x@ 26 root1 staff 832 Jan 9 00:55 academic -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 12288 Feb 28 18:34 accounts.db drwxr-xr-x 12 root1 staff 384 Jun 13 17:53 AgentIR-AI-SDK -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 7858 Jun 28 18:18 agents.md -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 532 Jun 12 16:09 agents.mdg -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 2921 Jun 5 04:51 apex_led_control.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 11760 Jun 5 04:50 apex_pro_controller.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 6532 Jun 5 04:48 APEX_PRO_REVERSE_ENGINEERING_REPORT.md -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 6550 Jun 5 04:48 apex_pro_test.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 100756 Jun 13 21:56 Apple Studio Display XDR Review: We're All Pros Now! [yWI33R4xyIc].en.vtt drwx------@ 13 root1 staff 416 Jun 16 17:13 Applications drwxr-xr-x@ 4 root1 staff 128 May 17 21:40 Applications (Parallels) -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 84165 May 27 18:52 Are Robot Vacuums FINALLY Worth Buying in 2026? [RaGAWGa7-Ac].en.vtt drwxr-xr-x 12 root1 staff 384 Jun 10 07:11 aria_research drwxr-xr-x 14 root1 staff 448 Jun 16 17:13 background-computer-use -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 10312 May 19 22:15 benchmark_talk_summary.md drwxr-xr-x 2 root1 staff 64 Jun 21 18:06 bin drwxr-xr-x@ 5 root1 staff 160 Mar 12 23:21 brightspace-downloads -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 91648 May 27 18:53 bSTaVJc-Se4.en.vtt -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 17235 Jun 16 02:09 captions.en.md -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 98996 Jun 16 02:50 captions.en.vtt -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 1951 Jun 5 04:52 capture_gg_traffic.py drwxr-xr-x 2 root1 staff 64 Jun 22 23:37 CascadeProjects -rw-r--r--@ 1 root1 staff 14027 Jan 24 11:04 ch_prices.csv -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 2421 Jun 5 04:52 check_response.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 34247 Jun 13 21:53 cleaned_captions.txt drwxr-xr-x@ 15 root1 staff 480 Jan 29 16:29 concurrent drwxr-xr-x@ 47 root1 staff 1504 Mar 9 14:20 cs182 -rw-r--r-- 1 root1 staff 2324 Jun 5 04:50 debug_connection.py drwx------@ 545 root1 staff 17440 Jun 21 17:21 Desktop drwx------@ 38 root1 staff 1216 Jul 1 08:… (12 chars truncated) … (118 lines truncated) Exit code: 0 <truncation_notice> Full output written to: /var/folders/d9/mzhyr7lx6xbf236j5ll9v_300000gn/T/devin-overflows-501/5ba3cbae/content.txt </truncation_notice>
There's a lot of files. The user wants to move all loose files into a folder called misc, excluding hidden files. "Loose files" likely means top-level files (not directories). I should not move directories, only files. And exclude hidden files (starting with .). Also need to handle the case where misc itself is a directory - don't move misc into misc. Let me see the full list. I can read the overflow file or just list non-hidden files in the root directory. Let me use a command to list non-hidden files. Actually, I should be careful. This is the user's home directory /Users/root1. Moving files around in a home directory could be dangerous if I move important config files. But the user specifically asked to move all loose files excluding hidden files. I should only move non-hidden regular files at the top level, not directories. But wait - is there an AGENTS.md file? Yes, there's /Users/root1/AGENTS.md. The user might have important files there. However, they asked for it. I should execute it. Let me get a list of non-hidden files only, and filter out directories.
{
"command": "ls -1p /Users/root1 | grep -v '^\\.' | grep -v '/$'"
}Output from command in shell 9ae2be: $1000 Gaming PC Build Guide (for 2026) [-CaETwdxZ_k].en.json3 2072313022035398795.json 2072313022035398795.txt 2072516978506408383.json 2072516978506408383.txt 31 Fortnite Tips I Wish I Knew Sooner... [k_O9xLg7yFU].en.srt accounts.db agents.md agents.mdg apex_led_control.py apex_pro_controller.py APEX_PRO_REVERSE_ENGINEERING_REPORT.md apex_pro_test.py Apple Studio Display XDR Review: We're All Pros Now! [yWI33R4xyIc].en.vtt Are Robot Vacuums FINALLY Worth Buying in 2026? [RaGAWGa7-Ac].en.vtt benchmark_talk_summary.md bSTaVJc-Se4.en.vtt captions.en.md captions.en.vtt capture_gg_traffic.py ch_prices.csv check_response.py cleaned_captions.txt debug_connection.py Don’t Let Another Season Slip Away (My Winter Photography Challenge) [kOGq0_4Ub5U].en.vtt download_petewilz_tweets.mjs download_petewilz_tweets.py exact_openrgb_format.py fetch_all_petewilz.mjs fetch_followers.py frame_change.py get_followers_direct.py get_followers_twikit.py get_followers.py get_following_twikit.py get_sdand_followers.py How to Improve in Fortnite So Fast It Feels Like Cheating... [c06fa4vMaLY].en.srt How to improve so fast it feels like cheating [6AJySFiYtCE].en.srt I Ranked EVERY Season 3 Item From Worst to Best (Chapter 7).en.vtt inject_space.py installer.log israel_exact_timezone.json israel_offset_countries.json israel_timezone_countries.json kb_trace.txt kbdiag.py keylogger.py keystrokes.log kickbacks.vsix latency_bench.py lock_keyboard.py lockdown.sh matches_network.txt mikutothe_interactions.json mikutothe_maps_all_seasons.json mikutothe_maps_season40.json mikutothe_match_history.json mikutothe_operators_all_seasons.json mikutothe_operators_s37.json mikutothe_operators_s38.json mikutothe_operators_s39.json mikutothe_operators_season40.json mikutothe_profile.json mikutothe_r6siege_complete.json mikutothe_weapons_season40.json mkbhd_captions.txt Necto Demo [Z09WBg6HDWw].mkv ORGANIZATION_SUMMARY.md overlay.py Porsche 911 S⧸C exclusive first drive! | Chris Harris on Cars [TUU-hgMDUWg].en.vtt Razer Gigantus V2 Pro Mousepad Reviews! (SHOCKING) [I1bfOufRPk8].en.vtt screen_monitor.py Scyrox V8 and VXE Mad R! BEST BUDGET GAMING MICE? (shocking) [sFpLwQiYy4o].en.vtt sdand_following_chronological.csv sdand_following_chronological.json sdand_following.csv sdand_following.json setup_and_run.py siege_game_data.js Talking Watches With Daniel Dae Kim - Transcript.txt Talking Watches With Daniel Dae Kim.en.vtt Talking Watches With Greg Yuna - Transcript.txt Talking Watches With Greg Yuna, New York City Jeweler And Watch Collector.en.vtt test_blue_leds.py The 2026 Porsche 911 GT3 Touring Is the Ultimate Sleeper 911 [Pdc-5L6eaM0].en.vtt "The Apple Studio Display is a Bad Deal" [yoigsHYc77s].en.vtt The GT3 RS Ruined All Cars For Me [4KDvCBqka7g].en.vtt This Could Be The BEST Monitor of 2026... (for Mac & PC) [xoGkilE00MY].en.srt timezone_filter.py toggle-modifiers.sh tokens-sdan.png trackpad_logger.py try_feature_reports.py try_interface_4.py try_legacy_protocol.py try_profiles_and_modes.py usb_drop_checker.sh usb_drop_log.txt usb_drop_logger.sh usb_drop_monitor_30s.sh usb_drop_summary.txt venice_video.en.vtt wait_and_copy.sh yatongchen_followers.csv yatongchen_followers.json Your Mouse Setup Is Ruining Your Aim [Vlslgf9J2K4].en.vtt Exit code: 0
There's a lot of loose files. I need to move them all into a folder called misc, excluding hidden files. I should create the misc folder if it doesn't exist, then move all non-hidden files (excluding directories, and excluding the misc folder itself if it somehow exists as a file). Wait, I should also not move any directories. The ls -p output shows directories with trailing slashes. The grep -v '/$' filter removed them. So this list is just files. Now I need to create /Users/root1/misc and move all these files into it. I can do it with a loop or a find command. I should be careful with filenames with spaces and special characters. I should use a command like: mkdir -p /Users/root1/misc find /Users/root1 -maxdepth 1 -type f ! -name '.*' ! -name 'misc' -exec mv {} /Users/root1/misc/ \; But if I have a file named "misc" at the top level, I shouldn't move it. But since we want to move loose files, if there's a file named misc, I might move it anyway because the destination is a directory. Actually, if a file named "misc" exists and is not a directory, I can't create a directory with the same name. Hmm. Let me check if misc already exists.
{
"command": "ls -ld /Users/root1/misc 2>/dev/null || echo \"does not exist\""
}Output from command in shell 069aaf: drwxr-xr-x@ 6 root1 staff 192 Jan 9 00:55 /Users/root1/misc Exit code: 0
misc already exists as a directory. So I need to move all the loose non-hidden files into /Users/root1/misc/. I can use a find command with -maxdepth 1 -type f ! -name '.*' and exclude the misc directory itself, then execute mv. Since the destination is a directory, I can just mv them. But I should also consider: if misc is the target, we don't want to move it into itself, but it's a directory not a file, so -type f won't match it. Let me execute the command. I should probably use -print0 and xargs -0 for safety with spaces, but mv can handle it. Actually, find ... -exec mv {} /Users/root1/misc/ \; is safe because find passes each file as a single argument. Alternatively, I can do: find /Users/root1 -maxdepth 1 -type f ! -name '.*' -exec mv {} /Users/root1/misc/ \; Let me run this. But I want to be careful - if a file with the same name already exists in misc, mv will overwrite it. Maybe I should use -i? But interactive mode might not work in this shell. Or use -n to not overwrite? That's safer. Actually, since the user asked to move, overwriting might be acceptable if there are duplicates. But better to use -n to not overwrite and report if there are conflicts. However, if a file exists in both root and misc with same name, -n will skip the root one, leaving it "loose". That's not ideal. Let me think about what's safest. The user said "move all loose files". If a file with the same name already exists in misc, it's a conflict. We could either overwrite or skip. Overwriting means data loss. Skipping means some files stay loose. Given the home directory nature, I think -n (no clobber) is safer, and then I can report if anything was left behind due to conflicts. But I should first check if any filenames overlap between root loose files and misc contents. Let me list the contents of misc to check.
{
"command": "ls -1 /Users/root1/misc | sort | head -50"
}Output from command in shell e2c659: __pycache__ conductor diffcua requirements.txt Exit code: 0
No overlap with the loose files. So I can safely move all of them. Let me do it with find and mv -n (no-clobber) to be safe, or just mv. Since no overlap, either works. I'll use a command that lists the files and moves them. Maybe with find and -exec mv.
{
"command": "find /Users/root1 -maxdepth 1 -type f ! -name '.*' -exec mv -n {} /Users/root1/misc/ \\; && echo \"Done\""
}Output from command in shell fe99f6: Done Exit code: 0
Done. Now let me verify by listing the loose non-hidden files again.
{
"command": "ls -1p /Users/root1 | grep -v '^\\.' | grep -v '/$'"
}Output from command in shell 1de6e2: Exit code: 1
The exit code is 1 because no lines matched (no loose non-hidden files). That's good. I can also show the misc directory now has the files.
{
"command": "ls -1 /Users/root1/misc | head -20 && echo \"...\" && ls -1 /Users/root1/misc | wc -l"
}Output from command in shell df592b:
__pycache__
$1000 Gaming PC Build Guide (for 2026) [-CaETwdxZ_k].en.json3
2072313022035398795.json
2072313022035398795.txt
2072516978506408383.json
2072516978506408383.txt
31 Fortnite Tips I Wish I Knew Sooner... [k_O9xLg7yFU].en.srt
accounts.db
agents.md
agents.mdg
apex_led_control.py
apex_pro_controller.py
APEX_PRO_REVERSE_ENGINEERING_REPORT.md
apex_pro_test.py
Apple Studio Display XDR Review: We're All Pros Now! [yWI33R4xyIc].en.vtt
Are Robot Vacuums FINALLY Worth Buying in 2026? [RaGAWGa7-Ac].en.vtt
benchmark_talk_summary.md
bSTaVJc-Se4.en.vtt
captions.en.md
captions.en.vtt
...
110
Exit code: 0Done. 110 items are now in misc. The top-level has no loose non-hidden files. I should report this concisely.
Moved all loose, non-hidden files into /Users/root1/misc/. Hidden files (names starting with .) were left untouched, and directories were not moved. The misc folder already existed, so no new directory was created. 110 items are now inside it.